Chunks
Literature Review †
分類に関して、Marrey, R. (2002) 'Seeking structure' How to write a thesis Maidenhead: open university press, pp.101-114. を参考にしています。
Define terms †
- ... , defined by Sb (yr:p) as ... , was interestingly found to be most frequent in ...
Justify selection of literature †
- I have found several studies (Sb yr; Sb2 yr2; Sb3 yr3) which have proved ...
Justify omissions †
- It is important to clarify what is meant by ... , as the term encompasses many concepts.
- The literature on ... will not be reviewed but is available from the following references: ...
- This review will cover ... , as these are the main areas of interest to this study.
Forecast sections of review †
- As there is a vast amount of research and writing which is relevant to ... , in this chapter I will concentrate on ...
- Later, in reporting the results of this research, the importance of ... will be further discussed.
Signal structure †
Link your work to the literature †
- The aim of this study is not to ... . Rather it is the intention to ...
- Having thus provided evidence for ... , these studies have been a useful departure point for reflecting on and designing my own research.
Critique the literature †
- However, it would be superficial to study militarization only in terms of past military activity records, ...; this would lead to facile conclusions in terms of personnel, budget and arms control only. [Galtung, 1990, p.296]
- This trial would have been more interesting if ...
- It should be added, however, that ...
Define the gap †
- To date no research on ... appears to have been done ...
- This study is an attempt to fill this gap.
Name + date + verb †
- Sb (yr:p) points out that ... and that ...
- Sb (yr:p) quated in Sb2 (yr2:p2) state that ...
- Sb (yr:p) use the term "sth" to refer to ...
- Sb (yr:p) emphasise the importance of ...
- Sb (yr:p) describe how ...
- the fact noted by these authors that ...
- Sb (yr:p) argues that ...
- Sb (yr:p) list three cues that can signal that ...
- ... interlocutors indicate support for the same idea but neither introduces any new information.
- Sb (yr:p) quotes Sb2 (yr2:p2) as saying that ...
- ..., as Sb (yr:p) point out, ...
- In the words of Sb (yr:p), ...
- Sb (yr:p) explains that ...
- The possible reason which Sb gives is that ...
- Sb (yr:p) claims that ...
- As Sb (yr:p) states, ... (cited in Sb2 yr2:p2).
- Sb (yr:p) concluded that ...
- Sb (yr:p) remained cautious about ...
- Sb's study (yr) focussed on ...
- Sb (yr cited in Sb2 yr2) carried out an investigation of ...
- In particular, Sb suggested that ...
- At the same time, however, Sb questioned whether ...
- Sb (yr:p) provided further evidence of ... and greater insights into ...
- Sb's results showed that ...
- Sb also determined that ...
- As part of the same study, Sb (yr:p) looked in more detail at ...
- Sb (yr:p) observed that ...
- In looking finally at the Sb's study (yr), what is worth highlighting is that his research in particular validates the importance of ...
Add your opinion †
- Such questions provide opportunities for ... to introduce ...
- What this study shows then is that ...
- This possibility suggests that ...
- This significance of this is highlighted in looking at ...
- What this study confirms then is that ...